In 1992 in El Paso, TX a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study of subjects (n=130) with allergic rhinitis in 1992-1993 was conducted. The average IgE level of the placebo treated subjects remained essentially flat, while the average IgE level for active treated subjects was reduced significantly from baseline nosebleed to Day 30.7 In 1993 in El Paso, TX, valid subjects (n=66) returned a second set of symptom diaries which they had completed for nosebleed days 365 to 395 (the same period, one year after the first set of symptom diaries). The active group had mean symptom scores showing statistically significant decreases from 1992 to 1993. The placebo group had increased symptoms in 1993. (The relevant pollen counts at the study site in 1993 were much higher than in 1992, leading to expectation of higher symptoms.)7

Antihistamines As the name indicates, an antihistamine counters the effects of histamine, which is released by the mast cells in the body''s tissues and contributes to nosebleed allergy symptoms. For many years, antihistamines have proven useful in relieving sneezing and itching in the nose, throat, and eyes and in reducing nasal swelling and drainage. Many people who take antihistamines experience some distressing side effects: drowsiness and loss of alertness and coordination. In children, such reactions can be misinterpreted as behavior problems. During the last few years, however, antihistamines that cause fewer of these side effects have become available by prescription. These new nonsedating antihistamines are as effective as other antihistamines in preventing histamine-induced symptoms, but do so without causing sleepiness.

Patients gave blood serum samples prior to the treatment in 1992 and one year later in 1993. They were immunoassayed for specific IgE antibodies using a chemi-luminescent technique. Statistician Bradley Rosebrook ran T-Tests comparing average baseline IgE levels to one-year. For the seasonal allergens reported, the active group (n=34) had on average a greater reduction in IgE than the placebo group (n=33).7 On August 14, 1996 representatives of Broncorp, Inc. nosebleed met with the Division Director, Dr. John Jenkins, and 14 other FDA officials of the Pulmonary Division at a PreNDA meeting. Dr. Mansfield made a presentation on nosebleed the 1995 study data (n=165) from Oregon, Washington and Idaho. He noted that together the data failed to show statistical superiority of vitamin B12 nosebleed on the primary endpoint. He noted that in Washington and Idaho, during the later part of the study, there was a drop in the pollen counts and marked improvements in symptoms in both the vitamin B12 and placebo groups. (This made a therapeutic benefit of the B12 treatment difficult to demonstrate.) But that the pollen counts in Oregon remained higher throughout the study and that the data from Oregon showed a significant difference between the active and placebo groups.8